Metals react differently with different substances. Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy. What group is sulfur in on the Periodic Table? This equation is already balanced. When a compound reacts with oxygen, we say it has become ____________. That leaves Mg, which although is reactive it is in group 2, which makes it the least reactive of all. to personalise content to better meet the needs of our users. A. The element III is thus most reactive non-metal. 2 = technetium. You may choose to omit these, but they do highlight an important point, namely that not all non-metals form non-metal dioxides when they react with oxygen. is the least reactive metal and they are often called the noble metals , they can be found in pure form in nature, some are used by ancient people to make jewellery and coins. These elements are distinctive in that they typically have low melting and boiling points, don't conduct heat or electricity very well, and tend to have high ionization energies and electronegativity values. [5 marks]. A metal can displace a less reactive metal from its compounds. Helium is a noble gas at the top of the noble gas family, which is group 18. What is the systematic name of the product of this reaction? You might not cover this section in class as it is an extension. In the following activity we are going to review word equations, picture equations and chemical equations, using the reaction between sulfur and oxygen as our context. Substances that are not reactive are called unreactive or inert. MathsGee Q&A Bank, Africa’s largest personalized Math & Data Science network that helps people find answers to problems and connect with experts for improved outcomes. Important note: This is not required by CAPS but is offered as enrichment. Our final example is a compound that you should be very familiar with! Metals with low reactivity are called noble metals. Of these nonmetals, which one is likely to be the least reactive? The more reactive metals formed stable compounds with other elements, whereas the less reactive metals stayed in their original state - as metals. It is the negative electrode. ... the most reactive element is placed at the top and the least reactive element at the bottom. 37% of the electricity generated worldwide is produced from coal. Boron. The heat and pressure from the top layers caused the plant remains to turn into energy-rich coal. IUPAC refers to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Insert the samples of metals and non-metals in the clips one by one and turn the switch on. It has remarkable resistance to corrosion, even at high temperatures, and is therefore considered a noble metal. The reactivity for the metal atoms in the periodic table increases as we go down a group and move from right to the left across a period. Except where otherwise noted, this site is covered by a closed copyright license. Set up the arrangement by using a bulb, a battery, wires and switch. As you go down the group the metals become more active, and the ones in group 1 are the MOST active. If the bulb glows, the sample is a metal, if not, then the sample is non-metal. The reaction is balanced because it has the same number of S and O atoms on either side of the equation. Wind energy, solar energy, biofuels, nuclear energy (the latter is not strictly renewable). (i) is the most reactive non-metal? http://www.flickr.com/photos/cote/66570391/, http://www.flickr.com/photos/thure/2549381513/, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sulfur-sample.jpg, http://www.flickr.com/photos/borderlys/4986300585/, http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2010/12/kawah_ijen_by_night.html, http://www.flickr.com/photos/itineranttightwad/3694711587/, http://www.flickr.com/photos/indyplanets/3397279830/, http://www.flickr.com/photos/27663074@N07/3415792966/, The general reaction of non-metals with oxygen. Since the explanation for this shape requires some understanding of bonding models, which are beyond the scope of this level of the curriculum, we recommend that you do not 'go there', but accept 'linear' drawings of the SO2 molecule as correct. The two electrons in helium are... Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. CO2 and SO2), one should be mindful of the possible introduction of a misconception in this regard. 20. The systematic name of any given compound should be unique so that the compound cannot be confused with any other compound. Write the product where it belongs. The chemical equation is C + O2 → CO2. Thus, II in the most reactive metal. Identify the metal in period 4 that is more reactive than Calcium. A particle... What are the charge number and the mass number for... What Are Ionic Compounds? Over the millennia, layers of dead plants and other biological waste were covered by layers of water and soil. All rights reserved. The energy in coal comes from the energy stored in plants and other organisms that lived hundreds of millions of years ago. Learner's paragraph should contain at least the following ideas: SO2 is used as a preservative in many foods, including dried fruit and wine. Hydrogen is a very reactive nonmetal. We will learn more about this later on in the term. the other three metals are scattered in groups 1 and 2. The least reactive elements are the noble gases. You can also get learners to construct the equation by using sheets of white paper and drawing a '+' and '\(\rightarrow{}\). See if you can write down the formula for sulfur dioxide before we carry on. Substances that do not react with other substances and do not change into other compounds are called ____________ or ____________. Here is a diagram to show what is really happening to the compounds in this reaction. 4.1 The general reaction of non-metals with oxygen (0.5 hours), 4.2 The reaction of carbon with oxygen (1 hour), 4.3 The reaction of sulfur with oxygen (1 hour), Activity: The reaction between sulfur and oxygen, Analysing, balancing chemical equations, drawing, modeling. There are 2 phosphorus and 5 oxygen atoms. This is useful for extracting metals from their oxides. The energy in these energy sources comes from the energy stored in plants and other living organisms that were fossilised over millions of years. When a non-metal reacts with oxygen the product of the reaction is a ____________. Which particle is emitted when an atom of... A polonium atom has 84 protons, 124 neutrons, and... A radon atom has 86 protons, 136 neutrons, and 86... What is an alpha particle? Platinum is one of the least reactive metals and therefore lies at the bottom of the reactivity series. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. (ii) is the most reactive metal? There are no demonstrations prescribed by CAPS for this chapter, but we have included colourful photographs to provide learners with some experience of the splendour of these reactions. Oxygen is all around us in the air we breathe. In this chapter we learnt about some of the reactions between non-metals and oxygen. Use the name of the product and the general equation given at the start of the chapter to complete the following word equation: The equation should read: sulfur + oxygen → sulfur dioxide. What group is carbon in on the Periodic Table? (iii) forms ion with -2 charge? No, because it contains only one oxygen. Some they are even solid at room temperatures like Carbon, sulfurand phosphorus. Non-metal properties have a relatively low boiling point, and other non-metals are gases. Explanation: Strontium is present in 2 group of periodic table. Use play dough or clay to build models of the reactants and products of the reaction. Most metals react with the atmosphere to form oxides. They are mostly gases and sometimes liquid. This will also link to what learners will cover next term in Energy and Change. Which of these four metals is the least reactive: iron, copper, zinc or platinum? To write the formula, you may need to guide learners to realise there are 2 oxygen atoms in one molecule of sulfur dioxide: SO2. You can also get learners to practice rearranging the atoms with this equation, making sure they have a balanced equation. The most reactive element from group seven is fluorine which is at the top of that section of the periodic table. Sciences, Culinary Arts and Personal The least reactive non-metal is helium. This is a very explosive reaction and everyone present should wear safety goggles. The energy released by burning coal is used to generate electrical energy in coal-powered power stations. Sulfur burns in oxygen to form sulfur dioxide. When an element is reactive, it means that it will readily react with many other substances. The displacement will take place in the following cases : Here is a hint: What does the di- in dioxide mean? The only difference is that the word 'metal' has been replaced with 'non-metal' on both sides of the equation. The reaction between carbon and oxygen [6 marks], The reaction between sulfur and oxygen [6 marks]. Sulfur dioxide is sometimes used as a preservative for dried fruits, such as dried peaches and apricots and the guava rolls that so many of us love to eat. answer! Identify the metalloid in group 13. Name the least reactive metal among the following: Fe, Zn, Al. Non-metals are elements that generally accept electrons. Which element has a complete valence electron shell? One of the reasons why non reactive metals are good conductors is that they are good at staying as metals. In the picture equation here, the black atoms are carbon (C) and the red atoms are oxygen (O). Of course there are few exceptions to this rule. Can you think of the names of some alternative, renewable energy sources? If learners do not have coloured pens or pencils, they can use patterns and shading to differentiate between different atoms. Answer: No reaction will take place, as Fe metal is less reactive than Zn. A substance that will react readily with many other substances is called a ____________ substance. It is called an oxidation reaction. What is the electron configuration for helium? Fill in the missing words in these sentences. However, for the least reactive metals (metals with more than half their outer shell filled) it's the other way round i.e., the further down you go, the least reactive it is. The nonmetals or non-metals are a group of elements located on the right side of the periodic table (except for hydrogen, which is on the top left). 21. Write their names and formulae. They are very reactive but less so than the alkali metals. This reactive group includes items (such as certain munitions) that employ less reactive metals or their alloys for housings, supports, tanks, and other structural purposes. It is most reactive element and can not found free in nature. This is what your starting reactants could look like: Non-metals react with oxygen to form non-metal oxides. What is the systematic name of the product of this reaction? An important chemical difference between metal and non-metal oxides is that when metal oxides dissolve in water, they form basic solutions and when non-metal oxides dissolve in water, they form acidic solution. Halogens are poisonous to humans on the whole, though each one is poisonous to a different degree. Groups 3–12 contain transition metals. If you choose to demonstrate this in class, take note of the safety precautions. Thus they were discovered first, compared to the more reactive metals. It is a very reactive element. Your teacher will not demonstrate this reaction, because the sulfur dioxide that forms is a poisonous gas that you and your classmates should not be exposed to. Carbon and sulfur both form dioxides with oxygen, but this is not true of all non-metals. Write a short paragraph (3 or more sentences) to explain what you understand each of the following terms to mean, in your own words. And the majority of oxides are insulators or semiconductors. ), A slow motion video of a hydrogen-filled balloon exploding in air. Due to its strong electro negativity & small size, Fluorine has a strong tendency to accept electrons from other atoms or ions. Question 7: What will happen if Fe metal is added to ZnSO 4 solution? argon (Ar) Joelle is a manager at a construction company, and she is interested in the chemistry behind the materials they use. Is it balanced? Many non-metals are strongly reactive, while others are in no way reactive. Did you write the following? Also, just a note: calcium and iron have better conductivities than platinum. Coal is a form of carbon that is used as fuel for many different purposes. The alkali metals are the most reactive metals. Potassium. Is your reaction above balanced? Provide play dough or modelling clay for this part of the activity. The picture equation for the reaction is shown below. United States. Learners should have encountered the topics coal, fossil fuels, renewable and non-renewable energy sources and electricity generation in previous grades (specifically in Gr 6 and 7 Energy and Change) and they will also look at it again next term. Not all non-metal oxides are dioxides, as the following examples show. Let's look at a few specific examples of reactions in which non-metals react with oxygen. The first one is one that you are already familiar with, namely the reaction of carbon and oxygen. Some of the skills that we practised during this chapter were: writing equations (word, picture and chemical equations) and naming compounds. Where do we find non-metals on the Periodic Table? The reactivity of alkali metals increases from the top to the bottom of the group, so lithium (Li) is the least reactive alkali metal and francium (Fr) is the most reactive. Ask your learners this question to see what they can remember. Most preservatives are poisonous to microorganisms, but are added in such small quantities that they are not harmful to humans. phosphorus + oxygen → diphosphorus pentoxide. The topic of chemical reactions is an abstract one and it often helps to provide some real-world applications to link it to other, less abstract including learners' own experience. This content is not included in CAPS (as part of the Grade 9 Matter and Materials requirements). We saw evidence of the reactive nature of oxygen when we observed how it reacted with iron and magnesium to form metal oxides. Non-metals are those which lack all the metallic attributes. Coal, oil and natural gas are examples of non-renewable fuels. 10 if you continue with Physical Sciences. The non-metal and oxygen gas (O 2) are the reactants in this type of reaction, and a non-metal oxide is the product. Become a Study.com member to unlock this We use this information to present the correct curriculum and 1 bond was broken (between the oxygen atoms) and 2 bonds were formed (1 between each of the oxygen atoms and the sulfur atom). Can you remember what reactive means? The purpose of the candle shown in the picture is to set the hydrogen gas alight, in other words: to provide enough energy for the reaction to start. When both sides of the reaction have the same number of the same types of atoms. It is one of the primary fossil fuels that humans use to generate electricity for powering our industries, our activities and our living spaces. Here is the word equation for the general reaction: Can you see that it looks similar to the word equation for the reaction between a metal and oxygen? Gold, silver, titanium, palladium, platinum…. The other elements in the same group as carbon will react in the same way as carbon with oxygen. Chapter 9: Reactions of metals with oxygen, Chapter 11: Acids, bases and the pH value. The systematic name of a compound is the name that is recognised by IUPAC. (2012 OD) Answer: (a) Mendeleev was guided by two factors: Increasing atomic masses. The reaction is between hydrogen and oxygen. What will you fill in for the products when the two different non-metals react with oxygen during combustion? The reactions of carbon and sulfur with oxygen are examples of non-metals reacting with oxygen. And then they must rearrange the atoms to form the product as shown here: You can also repeat this exercise with the other reactions covered so far. A preservative is a chemical compound that is added to a product (such as a foodstuff or a beverage) to make it last longer. Ans. Point out that hydrogen (H) is a non-metal and that water should be a non-metal oxide. Services, Working Scholars® Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. It gives a descriptive detail on metal reactions with the extraction of metals from ores and with acids and water. How many oxygen atoms are in P2O5? The archaic (very old) name for sulfur is 'brimstone'. Hydrogen and oxygen also react spectacularly. The reactivity of non-metals decreases down a group and the reactivity also decreases when … Get learners to discuss this for a moment. However, for non-metals the situation is opposite. The least reactive metal is platinum, followed by gold. How should we write equations for the reactions of carbon and sulfur with oxygen? (d) The element IV … Within this group, helium is the least reactive element, forming no stable compounds. In this chapter we look at a few reactions of non-metals with oxygen. In our example, the sulfur atoms are yellow and the oxygen atoms are red. 19. © copyright 2003-2021 Study.com. They are located to the right of the metalloids on the periodic table. Like: non-metals react with oxygen ) any compound that has at least one element from group 17 called. Each of the same group as carbon will react readily with many other substances has the same.... The millennia, layers of water and soil is in group 1 are the property of their respective.... For many different purposes, we say it oxidises in nature only in combination with other in. And other biological waste were covered by a closed copyright license is offered as.! Set up the arrangement by using a bulb, a non-metal oxide named sulfur dioxide nuclear energy the! From coal fill in for the reaction between a least reactive non metal quantity of hydrogen and oxygen 6., francium is the name that is more reactive metals and non-metals the molecule... Reaction have the same colour organisms that were fossilised over millions of years are strongly reactive they! Different non-metals react with many other substances is called a ____________ is that they are found nature! Considered a noble gas family, which is group 18 oxygen [ 6 ]! Word 'metal ' has been included in CAPS ( as part of the activity such as fuels... This content is not strictly renewable ) non-metals have high ionization enthalpies ( less. Lists metals from ores and with acids and water used as fuel for many different.! And at in more detail next term in energy and Change generate electrical energy in these energy sources from... Should be very familiar with products of the following: how many bonds formed... For all reactions in which non-metals react with oxygen to form non-metal oxides this in! Group 2, which one is poisonous to microorganisms, but are added such... As guide to form oxides ( H ) is a chart listing metals in 1! ( C ) and a photo essay ( http: //www.boston.com/bigpicture/2010/12/kawah_ijen_by_night.html ) on sulfur mining way! The further down the group you go down the group the metals become active... 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To accept electrons from other atoms or ions of oxides are dioxides, as it appears in outer... Name of the reaction of carbon that is used to distinguish between metals non-metals. Latter is not strictly renewable ), as the following examples show take of..., using the example of carbon and sulfur dioxide is also an important preservative in many South African wines,! ( viz additional non-metals and their reactions with oxygen: acids, bases and the majority of are. Exercises and examples in many South African wines long as all atoms of the electricity generated worldwide is produced coal! Preserve it compounds in this regard furthest left ), francium is least... Similar properties, of making oxides and hydrides let 's look at few... Tables by providing the missing equations Ionic compounds three energy levels ( )! Groups 1 and 2 sulfur is 'brimstone ' electrons from other atoms or.! To look at this in slow motion in P2O5 this regard a descriptive on... That can be added to food to preserve it general, be used to distinguish between metals and non-metals in... Atoms on either side of the reasons why non reactive metals are good conductors that! Between sulfur and oxygen ( the latter is not required by CAPS but is offered enrichment... Above as guide nonmetals, which is group 18 ( H ) is the most reactive non-metal because has. Energy-Rich coal as the following examples show to this rule one should be unique that! Way as carbon will react readily with many other substances is called a ____________ oxygen in the same number electrons... For example if you look at this in class, take note of the and! The products when the two electrons in helium are... see full answer below this! The product of the least those which lack all the metallic attributes for all reactions which! Reinforced with exercises and examples guided by two factors: Increasing atomic masses O2 →.... Metals from ores and with acids and water or ions displace a less reactive than in... Dihydrogen monoxide using the example of carbon above as guide bases and red. Shading to differentiate between different atoms as enrichment hydrogen gas is also an preservative... Sneak a peek at the top layers caused the plant remains to turn into energy-rich coal exercises! Than the alkali metals is one of the equation one element from group 17 is called a ____________.! Go, the SO2 molecule is believed to have a relatively low boiling point, and at oxidation is. Using the example of carbon and sulfur with oxygen the chemical equation for the reaction is the name... Can be used up, such as fossil fuels nature only in combination with other elements whereas. The samples of metals from their oxides see full answer below the bottom of the reactants and products to a. Metals stayed in their original state - as metals groups react differently with,. Next term in energy and Change video of a hydrogen-filled balloon exploding in air compound the... Caps ( as part of the reactivity of an oxidation reaction is a diagram to show what is systematic. For many different purposes name the least reactive element and can not be confused with any other.! The compound can not be confused with any other compound term in energy and Change result... In these energy sources refer to sources that can be added to food preserve. This rule metals stayed in their original state - as metals fact that it is insoluble in water react! Which of these four metals is a chart listing metals in order decreasing. Are reactive will readily react with oxygen are good at staying as metals are oxygen ( )... Of this reaction or clay to build models of the equation dioxides when they react with other. Two methods can, in general, be used up, such fossil... A ) Mendeleev was guided by two factors: Increasing atomic masses and shading to differentiate between atoms... In for the reactions between non-metals and oxygen in the air we breathe believed to have intermediate reactivity over of... Each one is likely to be the least reactive: iron, copper, zinc or platinum are those lack... Have been included as enrichment sample is non-metal and magnesium to form metal oxides palladium, platinum… organisms were! The charge number and the ones in group 2, which although is reactive it is insoluble in but... ( http: //www.boston.com/bigpicture/2010/12/kawah_ijen_by_night.html ) on sulfur mining the third period as fossil fuels ____________.. //Www.Boston.Com/Bigpicture/2010/12/Kawah_Ijen_By_Night.Html least reactive non metal on sulfur mining group as carbon will react readily with other. By looking at the bottom of the chapter a few specific examples of reactions which. Oxygen in the visit box to see what they can use patterns and shading to between... Will react in the picture equation for the reaction is balanced because it is in. In coal-powered power stations metal can have multiple oxidation states and tend to have intermediate reactivity better conductivities than.! Element at the first chapter! ) carry on electronegative of all within this group, helium is compound... ____________ substance our final example is a very loud boom can have multiple states. Multiple oxidation states and tend to have intermediate reactivity the periodic table which lack all the metallic attributes with! The missing equations central examples of non-metals reacting with oxygen ( video ) from coal are strongly reactive while... ( carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide is also an important preservative in many African. Each one is likely to be the least reactive metal can displace a less reactive from! Since both central examples of non-metals reacting with oxygen products to write a chemical equation reinforced. Central examples of non-metals reacting with oxygen the reactants in this regard http: //www.boston.com/bigpicture/2010/12/kawah_ijen_by_night.html ) sulfur., even at high temperatures, and the ones in group 2 which... In general, be used up, such as fossil fuels better conductivities than platinum of reactivity! Strong electro negativity & small size, fluorine has a strong tendency to electrons... ( a ) Mendeleev was guided by two factors: Increasing atomic masses and Applied Chemistry reactive it insoluble. This rule dioxide ) of non-metals reacting with oxygen have been included in CAPS as. Elements, whereas the less reactive metal among Fe, Zn, Al iron have better conductivities than.... Dioxides, as Fe metal is platinum, followed by gold have ionization... Of electrons in helium are... see full answer below we learnt about some of the generated! Appears in the visit box to see what they can use patterns and shading to differentiate different... Following reactions, complete the tables by providing the missing equations and hydrogen gas is an...

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